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Kostant s weight multiplicity formula and the Fibonacci and Lucas numbers
Journal article

Kostant s weight multiplicity formula and the Fibonacci and Lucas numbers

Kevin Chang, Pamela E. Harris and Erik Insko
The journal of combinatorics (Somerville, Mass.), Vol.11(1), pp.141-167
2020

Abstract

Kostant's weight multiplicity formula Weyl alternation sets combinatorial representation theory

Consider the weight lambda that is the sum of all simple roots of a simple Lie algebra g. Using Kostant's weight multiplicity formula we describe and enumerate the contributing terms to the multiplicity of an integral weight mu in the representation of g with highest weight lambda, which we denote by L(lambda). We prove that in Lie algebras of type A and B, the number of terms contributing a nonzero value in the multiplicity of the zero-weight in L(lambda) is given by a Fibonacci number, and that in the Lie algebras of type C and D, the analogous result is given by a multiple of a Lucas number. When mu is a nonzero integral weight we show that in Lie types A and B there is only one term contributing a nonzero value to the multiplicity of mu in L(lambda), and that in the Lie algebras of type C and D, all terms contribute a value of zero. We conclude by using these results to compute the q-multiplicity of an integral weight mu in the representation L(lambda) in all classical Lie algebras.

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