Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is the most important mosquito-transmitted virus worldwide. DENV is also increasing in transmission and range. This is evidenced in the United States by two outbreaks in South Florida. The question of whether these two Florida outbreaks were caused by the same DENV strain has implications for surveillance and control. If the two viruses are similar, then that would suggest that a single introduction had spread to multiple areas in Florida due to movement of people/mosquitoes within the state. If the two viruses are distinct, that would suggest a new introduction of DENV in Florida from outside the USA. Control and surveillance measures to address these two scenarios would differ in focusing on local vs international transport. In this study, we report clinical findings from an index case and phylogenetic analysis of the E gene region from the infecting DENV.