Abstract
Excerpt: There are multiple eye disorders that can present in the neonatal period, with which the pediatrician should be familiar. Some are isolated to the eye; others have systemic manifestations. The primary care pediatrician must recognize the signs of serious eye disorders, which if undetected and untreated can lead to blindness in the case of cataracts and to death in the case of retinoblastoma. A thorough eye examination with, at a minimum, visual inspection of the external eye structures plus elicitation of a red reflex is essential. Eye findings may also provide clues to a number of genetic disorders where these findings are peripheral to the overall condition. This chapter covers the common eye observations and diseases seen in the neonatal period, including an abnormal red reflex, cataracts, infections, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and retinoblastoma.